World wide, more than 60% of adults do not engage in sufficient levels of physical activity which are beneficial to their health. Physical activity also decreases with age during adolescence, and this decline continues throughout the adult years. In many countries, less than one-third of young people are sufficiently active to benefit their present and future health. Female adolescents are less active than male adolescents.

At the same time, high Body Mass Index (obesity/overweight) rates are increasing among young people as well as among middle-aged adults. This is related in part to lack of physical activity in leisure time, but is even more likely the result of people spending increasing amounts of time in sedentary behaviours such as watching television, using computers, and excessive use of "passive" modes of transport (cars, buses and motorcycles).

Regular physical activity provides young people with substantial physical, mental and social health benefits. Regular physical activity helps children and young people to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints. Physical activity also helps to control body weight, reduce fat and develop efficient function of the heart and lungs. It facilitates developing the skills of movement and helps prevent and control the feelings of anxiety and depression.

Involvement

Involvement in physical activity gives young people opportunities for natural self-expression, self-confidence, relief of tension, achievement, social interaction and integration, as well as for learning the spirit of solidarity and fair play. These positive effects also help counteract the risks and harm caused by the demanding, competitive and stressful way of life that is so common in young people's lives today. Involvement in properly guided physical activity and sports can also foster the adoption of other healthy behaviour, including avoidance of tobacco and alcohol, as well as the adoption of a healthy diet and adequate rest.

Some studies show that among adolescents, the more often they participate in physical activity, the less likely they are to use tobacco. It has also been found that children who are more physically active showed higher academic performance. Team games and play promote positive social integration and facilitate the development of social skills in young children.

Patterns of physical activity acquired during childhood and adolescence are more likely to be maintained throughout the life span, thus providing the basis for active and healthy life. On the other hand, unhealthy lifestyles—including sedentary lifestyle, poor diet and substance abuse, adopted at a young age are likely to persist in adulthood.

Ample participation in play, games and other physical activities, both in school and during free time is essential for the healthy development of every young person. Access to safe places, opportunities and good examples from teachers, parents and friends are all part of ensuring that children and young people move for health.